The evidence of a macrophage barrier in the xenotransplantation of human hematopoietic stem cells to severely immunodeficient rats

Background The human-to-rat hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) model is rare, unlike its human-to-mouse counterpart. rat models are desired, especially in areas of physiology, toxicology, and pharmacology. In addition to lymphocytes, macrophages also considered be important for xenotransplantation. We generated a xenotransplantation prove the role as barrier. Methods Immunodeficiency SRG rats, which Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats lacking Rag2 Il2rg, was confirmed by flow cytometry spleen immunostaining. Human umbilical cord blood collected after scheduled cesarean section at University Tsukuba Hospital. Cord mononuclear cells (CB-MNCs) were transplanted into administered several injections clodronate liposome (CL), cause macrophage depletion. Survival human observed cytometry. Rat phagocytosis assay performed check species-specific effects on injected human/rat cells. Results deficient T/B/NK Without CL pretreatment, CB-MNCs removed from within 7 hours transplantation. pretreated with could survive Prolonged survival more than 4 weeks only following one-time injection. had potential vivo. Conclusion HSCT, short period early control, leading immunotolerance, engraftment. can useful creation future or other clinical research.